Dealing with debt in order

If you’re starting to miss some of your bill payments, you might be feeling overwhelmed. Find out how to prioritise and work out which debts to pay off first and get the help you need if you’re struggling with your payments.

Why it’s important to pay off debts in the right order

The consequences of not paying off some debts before others can be more serious.

So, if you’re struggling to make your repayments on time, you need to look at all your debts and split them into:

  • priority debts
  • non-priority debts
  • debt emergencies.

If you’re facing a debt emergency

Get free, independent debt advice urgently if you’re facing a sudden emergency, such as:

  • court action
  • bailiff action
  • disconnection, or
  • eviction for mortgage or rent arrears.

Some debt advisers will be able to talk to the court, bailiff or creditor on your behalf. If you want someone to do this for you, check if they’ll be able to.

They’ll also advise you on what to do next.

It’s important to always turn up to a court hearing. It gives you the chance to come to an agreement.

If you don’t go, a decision might be made without considering information about your situation.

If you’re there you can tell the court what’s happening, and it might help them to reach a decision that is better for you.

Some courts use advice organisations such as Shelter or Citizens Advice who will be able to give you some last-minute advice on what to do.

If you’re due in court within 24 hours, ask if there’s someone you can speak to before your case is heard.

 

What are priority debts?

Priority debts are those that carry the most serious consequences if you don’t pay them.

These don’t have to be the largest or debts with the most expensive interest rates, but if you don’t pay them it could lead to serious problems.

Priority debts include:
  • court fines
  • Council Tax or Rates
  • TV Licence
  • Child Maintenance
  • gas and electricity bills
  • Income Tax, National Insurance and VAT
  • mortgage, rent and any loans secured against your home
  • hire purchase agreements, if what you’re buying with them is essential
  • missed payments owed to DWP (Department for Work and Pensions) or HMRC.
 

Why you should pay off priority debts first

The consequences of not paying off priority debts could be:

  • being visited by bailiffs
  • receiving a court summons
  • being made bankrupt – because you haven’t paid your bills
  • having your heating or lighting cut off – because you haven’t paid your bills
  • losing your home – because you’re not keeping up with mortgage or rent payments.

Citizens Advice has a list of priority debtsOpens in a new window, their consequences and how to deal with them on their website.

What are non-priority debts?

The consequences of not paying non-priority debts are less serious.

If you don’t pay non-priority debts, your creditor could eventually take you to court or instruct bailiffs to collect money from you.

Your non-priority debts include:

  • overdrafts
  • personal loans
  • banks or building society loans
  • money borrowed from friends or family
  • credit card, store card debts or payday loans
  • catalogue, home credit or in-store credit debts.

Water and sewerage bills

Your water and sewage cannot be cut off in the same way as your other bills like electricity. But as an essential household bill, it’s worth considering alongside your other priority bills before other non-priority debts.

If you don’t pay at least your current water and sewerage bills, the amount you owe will continue to go up and eventually your water company could take enforcement action to recover what you owe.

Treating creditors fairly

There are rules to follow if you have several debts and spare money to start paying them off. Anything you can afford to pay towards your debts must be shared out fairly between your creditors.

It’s important you do this because if you don’t manage to keep up with repayments and need to find a formal debt solution, you may not be able to enter into some arrangements, (such as bankruptcy or a debt relief order) if you have prioritised certain creditors over others.

It’s a good idea to talk to a debt adviser first before you agree to make payments to people you owe money to.

 

Get free advice about dealing with debts

Don’t struggle with debts – particularly if you’re facing an emergency, such as losing your home or going to court.

If you need more support or don’t know where to start paying off debts you’re not alone.

Nearly half of people in debt told us they aren’t sure about the best way to pay off their debts, and that is where a debt adviser can really help you make the right decisions so most of your money will go to paying off your debts. This means you could be debt-free sooner than you thought.

A debt adviser will:

  • treat everything you say in confidence
  • never judge you or make you feel bad about your situation
  • suggest ways of dealing with debts that you might not know about
  • check you have applied for all the benefits and entitlements available to you
  • always make sure you are comfortable with your decision.

Three quarters of people who get debt advice feel more in control of their finances afterwards.

This article is provided by the Money Advice Service.

The content of this Factsheet has been created by and is provided by The Money Advice Service and is produced under licence from them.
Please be aware there are links contained within this factsheet that may take you to external sites, we are not responsible for their content. This is a general advice and information factsheet only and should not be treated as a definitive guide and does not constitute legal or professional advice. We are not a law firm and information is not intended to create a solicitor client relationship. Law Express and The Money Advice Service does not accept any responsibility for any loss which may arise from relying on information contained in this factsheet. This is not a substitute for legal advice and specific and personal legal advice should be taken on any individual matter. If you need more details or information about the matters referred to in this factsheet please seek formal legal or financial advice.
The Money Advice Service is not regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority and the Money Advice Service does not provide a regulated service. The information and tools that the Money Advice Service provides are generic and should be of general assistance to you in managing your finances. However, the money advice service cannot recommend specific financial products and always recommends that you seek further information from an independent financial adviser, and/or further information from the providers of specific financial products.
This factsheet is correct at time of going to print. The law set out in this factsheet applies to England and Wales unless otherwise stated.